@BOOK{Heckbert94gems,
TITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={computer graphics, image processing},
NOTE={comes with either MAC or DOS floppy},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}

@INCOLLECTION{Bashein94,
AUTHOR={Gerard Bashein and Paul R. Detmer},
TITLE={Centroid of a Polygon},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={3-6},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={polygon area, polygon centroid},
SUMMARY={
Gives formulas and code to find the centroid (center of mass) of a
polygon.  This is useful when simulating Newtonian dynamics.  Contains
C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schorn94,
AUTHOR={Peter Schorn and Frederick Fisher},
TITLE={Testing the Convexity of a Polygon},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={7-15},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={computational geometry, concave polygon},
SUMMARY={
Gives an algorithm and code to determine if a polygon is convex,
non-convex (concave but not convex), or non-simple
(self-intersecting).  For many polygon operations, faster algorithms
can be used if the polygon is known to be convex.  This is true when
scan converting a polygon and when determining if a point is inside a
polygon, for instance.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Weiler94,
AUTHOR={Kevin Weiler},
TITLE={An Incremental Angle Point in Polygon Test},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={16-23},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={computational geometry, inclusion testing},
SUMMARY={
Provides an algorithm for testing if a point is inside a concave
polygon, a task known as point inclusion testing in computational
geometry.  Point-in-polygon testing is a basic task when ray tracing
polygonal models, so these methods are useful for 3D as well as 2D
graphics.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Haines94,
AUTHOR={Eric Haines},
TITLE={Point in Polygon Strategies},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={24-46},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={computational geometry, inclusion testing,
ray-polygon intersection testing},
SUMMARY={
Provides algorithms for testing if a point is inside a polygon, a task
known as point inclusion testing in computational geometry.
Point-in-polygon testing is a basic task when ray tracing polygonal
models, so these methods are useful for 3D as well as 2D graphics.
Haines surveys a number of algorithms for point inclusion testing in
both convex and concave polygons, with empirical speed tests and
practical optimizations.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lischinski94triang,
AUTHOR={Dani Lischinski},
TITLE={Incremental {D}elaunay Triangulation},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={47-59},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={mesh generation, polygonization, Voronoi diagram,
Delaunay triangulation},
SUMMARY={
Gives some code to solve a very important problem:  finding Delaunay
triangulations and Voronoi diagrams in 2D.  These two geometric
constructions are useful for triangular mesh generation and for nearest
neighbor finding, respectively.  Triangular mesh generation comes up
when doing interpolation of surfaces from scattered data points, and in
finite element simulations of all kinds, such as radiosity.  Voronoi
diagrams are used in many computational geometry algorithms.  Contains
C++ code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Glassner94normal,
AUTHOR={Andrew Glassner},
TITLE={Building Vertex Normals from an Unstructured Polygon List},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={60-73},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={smooth shading, topology, polyhedron},
SUMMARY={
Solves a fairly common rendering problem:  if one is given a set of
polygons in raw form, with no topological (adjacency) information, and
asked to do smooth shading (Gouraud or Phong shading) of them, one must
infer topology and compute vertex normals.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Greene94,
AUTHOR={Ned Greene},
TITLE={Detecting Intersection of a Rectangular Solid and a Convex Polyhedron},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={74-82},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={collision detection, octree, computational geometry},
SUMMARY={
Presents an optimized technique to test for intersection between a
convex polyhedron and a box.  This is useful when comparing bounding
boxes against a viewing frustum in a rendering program, for instance.
Contains pseudocode.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Rabbitz94,
AUTHOR={Rich Rabbitz},
TITLE={Fast Collision Detection of Moving Convex Polyhedra},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={83-109},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={animation, collision detection, computational geometry, polyhedron},
SUMMARY={
A turn-key piece of software that solves a difficult but basic problem
in physically based animation and interactive modeling.  Contains C
code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Hart94,
AUTHOR={John C. Hart},
TITLE={Distance to an Ellipsoid},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={113-119},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={ray tracing, ellipse},
SUMMARY={
Gives the formulas necessary to find the distance from a point to an
ellipsoid, or from a point to an ellipse.  These formulas can be useful
for geometric modeling or for ray tracing.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Ohashi94,
AUTHOR={Yoshikazu Ohashi},
TITLE={Fast Linear Approximations of {E}uclidean Distance in Higher Dimensions},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={120-124},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={integer arithmetic, square root},
SUMMARY={
Provides optimized formulas for approximating Euclidean distance in two
or more dimensions without square roots.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Donovan94,
AUTHOR={Walt Donovan and Tim Van Hook},
TITLE={Direct Outcode Calculation for Faster Clip Testing},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={125-131},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={IEEE floating point arithmetic, line clipping},
SUMMARY={
A clever optimization of clip testing that exploits the properties
of IEEE floating point format.  Techniques are described to compute the
``outcodes'' needed for line clipping using only integer arithmetic.
Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Miller94,
AUTHOR={Robert D. Miller},
TITLE={Computing the Area of a Spherical Polygon},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={132-137},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={cartography, Earth},
SUMMARY={
Gives the formulas needed to find the area of a polygon on a sphere
that is bounded by great circle arcs.  This is useful in cartography.
Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Hill94perp,
AUTHOR={F. S. {Hill Jr.}},
TITLE={The Pleasures of 'Perp Dot' Products},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={138-148},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={geometry, fillet, perp-dot product, projection},
SUMMARY={
A tutorial on the ``perp dot product,'' which is the dot product, in
2D, of one vector and the vector perpendicular to another.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Hanson94,
AUTHOR={Andrew J. Hanson},
TITLE={Geometry for N-Dimensional Graphics},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={149-170},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={geometry, hyperplane, determinant, Levi-Civita, volume},
SUMMARY={
A tutorial on n-dimensional geometry.  Hanson generalizes a number of
familiar concepts, such as plane equations, clipping, volume, and
rotation, to n-D.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shoemake94arcball,
AUTHOR={Ken Shoemake},
TITLE={Arcball Rotation Control},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={175-192},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={interaction, quaternion},
SUMMARY={
Asks the question:  how does one control the three degrees of freedom
of rotation in 3D, using a 2D input device such as a mouse?  Shoemake's
answer: use a pair of points to designate a relative rotation, and use
quaternions to make the rotation axis specification intuitive and
consistent.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Cromwell94,
AUTHOR={Robert L. Cromwell},
TITLE={Efficient Eigenvalues for Visualization},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={193-198},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={scatterplot, matrix of central moments},
SUMMARY={
Answers the question:  if I have a set of points in 3D, from what
direction should I view them to get the best view (minimizing bunching
in the projection)?  Solving this involves the eigenvalues of a 3x3
matrix.  Optimized formulas are given for computing the eigenvalues.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Wu94,
AUTHOR={Kevin Wu},
TITLE={Fast Inversion of Length- and Angle-Preserving Matrices},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={199-206},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={eigenvalue, 4x4 matrix},
SUMMARY={
Presents optimized formulas and code to compute the inverse of a 4x4
matrix that is known to be length- and angle-preserving (consisting of
only rotation, translation, and uniform scaling).  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shoemake94decomp,
AUTHOR={Ken Shoemake},
TITLE={Polar Matrix Decomposition},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={207-221},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quaternion, spectral decomposition, singular value decomposition},
SUMMARY={
Describes a method for decomposing an affine 3D transformation into
translation, scaling, and rotation transformations in a physically
meaningful way.  This can be useful for keyframe animation.  Contains C
code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shoemake94euler,
AUTHOR={Ken Shoemake},
TITLE={Euler Angle Conversion},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={222-229},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quaternion, rotation},
SUMMARY={
Gives code to convert a rotation expressed by one triple of axes into
another triple.  Rotations in 3D are often described in terms of Euler
angles:  rotations about x, y, and z in some order.  The order of
rotations is significant, but not standardized.  These routines are
useful for doing such conversions.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shoemake94twist,
AUTHOR={Ken Shoemake},
TITLE={Fiber Bundle Twist Reduction},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={230-236},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={animation, camera control, quaternion, topology, rotation},
SUMMARY={
Applies some advanced concepts from topology to the problem of
minimizing twist (rotation about the z axis of screen space) in
animation.  Has color plate.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Eilers94,
AUTHOR={Paul H. C. Eilers},
TITLE={Smoothing and Interpolation with Finite Differences},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={241-250},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={data smoothing, curve smoothing},
SUMMARY={
Gives simple techniques for smoothing a set of uniformly spaced
samples.  This can be used to remove noise from input data.  Contains C
code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Barry94,
AUTHOR={Phillip Barry and Ron Goldman},
TITLE={Knot Insertion Using Forward Differences},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={251-255},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={curve subdivision},
SUMMARY={
Describes a fast technique for subdivision of B-spline curves and
surfaces.  Subdivision is a fundamental operation in modeling and
rendering.  Contains pseudocode.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Bajaj94,
AUTHOR={Chandrajit Bajaj and Guoliang Xu},
TITLE={Converting a Rational Curve to a Standard Rational {B}ernstein-{B}\'ezier Representation},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={256-260},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Bezier curve, rational curve, NURB},
SUMMARY={
Discusses a low-level operation on curves:  conversion of a rational
piecewise polynomial curve into rational Bernstein-Bezier form, a
commonly used type of non-uniform rational B-spline (NURB).  Rational
splines are useful because they allow conic curves to be represented
exactly, whereas standard (polynomial) splines do not.  Contains
pseudocode.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Klassen94,
AUTHOR={R. Victor Klassen},
TITLE={Intersecting Parametric Cubic Curves by Midpoint Subdivision},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={261-277},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Bezier curve, curve intersection, curve subdivision},
SUMMARY={
Provides code to find the intersection points of planar cubic curves.
Contains C++ code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Lischinski94patch,
AUTHOR={Dani Lischinski},
TITLE={Converting Rectangular Patches into {B}\'ezier Triangles},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={278-285},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Bezier surface, biquadratic patch},
SUMMARY={
A parametric surface conversion routine.  Contains C++ code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Peterson94,
AUTHOR={John W. Peterson},
TITLE={Tessellation of NURB Surfaces},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={286-320},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={surface subdivision, NURB, Bezier surface, B-spline surface,
polygonization},
SUMMARY={
Gives code for polygonizing a very general class of parametric
surfaces: NURBs.  Polygonization of parametric surfaces is useful both
for rendering and for modeling.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shene94equation,
AUTHOR={Ching-Kuang Shene},
TITLE={Equations of Cylinders and Cones},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={321-323},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quadric surface},
SUMMARY={
Derives the implicit equations of cylinders and cones.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Bloomenthal94,
AUTHOR={Jules Bloomenthal},
TITLE={An Implicit Surface Polygonizer},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={324-349},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={iso-surface, marching cubes, polygonization},
SUMMARY={
Gives code to polygonize an arbitrary implicit surface.  Polygonization
is a common approach to implicit surface rendering and volume
rendering.  When combined with code for trilinear interpolation code, a
program for polygonizing volume data can easily be constructed.  The
resulting polygonizations will be superior to those generated by the
``Marching Cubes'' algorithm, in many cases.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Shene94intersect,
AUTHOR={Ching-Kuang Shene},
TITLE={Computing the Intersection of a Line and a Cylinder},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={353-355},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quadric surface, ray tracing, cone},
SUMMARY={
Geometric method for intersecting a ray with a cylinder.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Waggenspack94,
AUTHOR={Joseph M. Cychosz and Warren N. {Waggenspack Jr.}},
TITLE={Intersecting a Ray with a Cylinder},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={356-365},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quadric surface, ray tracing},
SUMMARY={
Geometric method for intersecting a ray with a cylinder.  Contains C
code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Cohen94,
AUTHOR={Daniel Cohen},
TITLE={Voxel Traversal along a 3{D} Line},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={366-369},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={digital line drawing, grid traversal, ray tracing, scan conversion},
SUMMARY={
Visits all the voxels along a 3D line segment with integer endpoints,
something like a 3D Bresenham's algorithm.  This code could be modified
to take endpoints with fixed point coordinates.  Then the algorithm
could be very useful for ray tracing, when a uniform grid is being used
as a spatial data structure for optimization, or for volume rendering
of grid data.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Chiu94,
AUTHOR={Kenneth Chiu and Peter Shirley and Changyaw Wang},
TITLE={Multi-Jittered Sampling},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={370-374},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={antialiasing, jitter, stochastic sampling},
SUMMARY={
Presents a new technique for high quality stochastic sampling.  This is
useful for antialiasing.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Heckbert94minimal,
AUTHOR={Paul S. Heckbert},
TITLE={A Minimal Ray Tracer},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={375-381},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={ray tracing, obfuscation},
SUMMARY={
Answers the question: how short can a ray tracer be?  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schlick94phong,
AUTHOR={Christophe Schlick},
TITLE={A Fast Alternative to {P}hong's Specular Model},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={385-387},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Phong illumination, specular reflection, exponentiation},
SUMMARY={
Describes a simple approximation to Phong's specular reflection formula
that does not require exponentiation or table lookup.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Fisher94,
AUTHOR={Frederick Fisher and Andrew Woo},
TITLE={{R.E} versus {N.H} Specular Highlights},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={388-400},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Phong illumination, specular reflection},
SUMMARY={
Compares two common variants of Phong's specular reflection formula and
derives a surprising relationship between them.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schlick94perlin,
AUTHOR={Christophe Schlick},
TITLE={Fast Alternatives to {P}erlin's Bias and Gain Functions},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={401-403},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={hypertexture, texture synthesis},
SUMMARY={
Gives a simple approximation to some formulas that are commonly used in
procedural texture synthesis and volume synthesis.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Behrens94,
AUTHOR={Uwe Behrens},
TITLE={Fence Shading},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={404-409},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={Gouraud shading, Phong shading},
SUMMARY={
Proposes an approach halfway between Gouraud shading and Phong
shading:  shade along the edges of the polygon, but interpolate across
the interior.  Contains pseudocode.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Kopp94,
AUTHOR={Manfred Kopp and Michael Gervautz},
TITLE={{XOR}-Drawing with Guaranteed Contrast},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={413-414},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={cursor},
SUMMARY={
Gives simple guidelines for the choice of write mask when drawing
cursors and other graphics with exclusive-OR on multi-bit frame
buffers.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Ward94,
AUTHOR={Greg Ward},
TITLE={A Contrast-Based Scalefactor for Luminance Display},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={415-421},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={brightness, color, image display, perception, Radiance system},
SUMMARY={
Presents a simple technique for displaying pictures that have a dynamic
range (ratio of brightest to dimmest pixel) beyond that of the
display.  Has color plates.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schlick94dynamic,
AUTHOR={Christophe Schlick},
TITLE={High Dynamic Range Pixels},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={422-429},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={quantization, dynamic range},
SUMMARY={
Proposes a pixel encoding technique that allows color images with high
dynamic range to be stored using only 24 bits per pixel.  Contains C
code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Schlag94,
AUTHOR={John Schlag},
TITLE={Fast Embossing Effects on Raster Image Data},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={433-437},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={bump mapping, texture, image filter, paint program, shading},
SUMMARY={
Presents a simple, fast technique that interprets an image as a height
field or bump map, and then shades it, yielding an embossing effect.
Has color plate.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Heckbert94coons,
AUTHOR={Paul S. Heckbert},
TITLE={Bilinear {C}oons Patch Image Warping},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={438-446},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={morph, resampling, bilinear Coons patch},
SUMMARY={
Presents a fast technique to warp an image according to four boundary
curves.  This can be used to correct distortions in images, or to
introduce them, for special effects purposes.  Has color plates.
Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Wolberg94,
AUTHOR={George Wolberg and Henry Massalin},
TITLE={Fast Convolution with Packed Lookup Tables},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={447-464},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={image filter, image magnification, image resampling},
SUMMARY={
Gives optimized code for convolution of discrete signals.  This is
useful for image resampling and filtering.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Cychosz94,
AUTHOR={Joseph M. Cychosz},
TITLE={Efficient Binary Image Thinning Using Neighborhood Maps},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={465-473},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={image skeleton, image filter},
SUMMARY={
Provides fast code to thin a bitmap image and find its ``skeleton.''
Image thinning is used for pattern recognition.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Zuiderveld94,
AUTHOR={Karel Zuiderveld},
TITLE={Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={474-485},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={contrast enhancement},
SUMMARY={
Presents a contrast enhancement technique that overcomes some of the
flaws of simple histogram equalization, such as noise amplification and
suppression of local contrast.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Paeth94,
AUTHOR={Alan W. Paeth},
TITLE={Ideal Tiles for Shading and Halftoning},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={486-492},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={bitblt, dither, stipple},
SUMMARY={
Discusses heuristics and design techniques for top-quality dither and
stipple patterns.
},
FTP={picture in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Christensen94,
AUTHOR={Jon Christensen and Joe Marks and Stuart Shieber},
TITLE={Placing Text Labels on Maps and Diagrams},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={497-504},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={cartography, label placement, layout, relaxation,
simulated annealing},
SUMMARY={
Presents an algorithm to arrange text labels in a way that avoids
overlap.  This is useful in cartography.
},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Szirmay-Kalos94,
AUTHOR={L\'aszl\'o Szirmay-Kalos},
TITLE={Dynamic Layout Algorithm to Display General Graphs},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={505-517},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={cartography, layout, graph visualization, physically-based methods},
SUMMARY={
Gives code that finds aesthetic arrangements for a graph.  This could
be used to graphically display data structures.  Contains C++ code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Hill94trilinear,
AUTHOR={Steve Hill},
TITLE={Tri-linear Interpolation},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={521-525},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={trilinear interpolation, bilinear interpolation, reconstruction},
SUMMARY={
Gives optimized code for performing linear interpolation in a 3D grid.
Trilinear interpolation is useful for volume rendering, and its 2D
variant, bilinear interpolation, is a very common operation in image
processing.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Eker94,
AUTHOR={Steven Eker},
TITLE={Faster Linear Interpolation},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={526-533},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={line drawing, Gouraud shading, integer arithmetic, image resampling},
SUMMARY={
Gives optimized code for generic linear interpolation.  This is most
useful for assembler language programming of graphics operations such
as Gouraud shading and image scaling.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Doue94,
AUTHOR={Jean-Fran\c cois Dou\'e},
TITLE={C++ Vector and Matrix Algebra Routines},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={534-557},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={vector algebra, transformation, ray tracing},
SUMMARY={
A C++ subroutine library for 2D, 3D, and 4D vector and matrix
operations.  Contains C++ code.  The Floppy disk that comes with the
book and the FTP collection contain a simple ray tracer written using
the library.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}
@INCOLLECTION{Glassner94library,
AUTHOR={Andrew Glassner and Eric Haines},
TITLE={C Header File and Vector Library},
BOOKTITLE={Graphics Gems IV},
EDITOR={Paul Heckbert},
PAGES={558-570},
PUBLISHER={Academic Press},
YEAR={1994},
ADDRESS={Boston},
KEYWORDS={vector algebra, root-finding},
SUMMARY={
Revised version of the ``Graphics Gems'' subroutine library, used in
several other articles in the book.  Contains C code.
},
FTP={code in princeton.edu pub/Graphics/GraphicsGems/GemsIV/GGemsIV.tar.Z},
}